关键词11: 核损害责任制度

《国务院关于处理第三方核责任问题的批复》（1986） 和《国务院关于核事故损害赔偿责任问题的批复》（2007） 采用了国际公约通用的原则，对核设施营运者应当对核事 故造成的人身伤亡、财产损失或环境受到的损害承担赔偿 责任、责任排除、最高责任限额、国家责任、财务保证、 连带责任、追索权、非常核事故造成的损害赔偿、越境损 害赔偿等作出了明确规定。《中华人民共和国民法典》 和《中华人民共和国核安全法》以法律形式对核损害赔偿 基本原则作出了规定。为了进一步完善核损害赔偿制度， 中国正在制定《中华人民共和国核损害赔偿法》。

Keyword 11：Nuclear Liability System

Consistent with the principles common to most international conventions regarding nuclear liability, the State Council’s Decisions on Third Party Nuclear Liability (1986) and on Liability and Compensation for Damages Resulting from Nuclear Accidents (2007) explicitly stipulate that a nuclear facility operator shall be liable for any personal injury, death, or property or environmental damages resulting from a nuclear accident. These instruments also specify conditions under which exclusion of liability is applicable, as well as the aggregate limit of liability, state liability, financial guarantees, joint liability, rights of recourse, compensation for damages caused by extraordinary nuclear occurrences (ENO) and compensation for trans-boundary damages. Provisions on compensation for nuclear damages are also incorporated in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China and the Nuclear Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China. The development of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Compensation for Nuclear Damages is underway to further clarify issues in this connection.