来源: 世界核新闻网 原文翻译/陈虎 发布日期:2010-12-02
2010年11月27日,位于印度卡纳塔卡邦的Kaiga核电站4号机组首次达到临界状态,标志着印度运行核电反应堆总数已达到20台。
另外,位于马哈拉斯加邦的一座计划建造6台机组的新核电站也获得了环境许可。
Kaiga核电站4号机组是由印度自主设计的一座22万千瓦的重水反应堆,与该厂址其他三座反应堆相似。
印度核电公司表示,该反应堆将在12月初进行相关的强制性试验之后实现并网。Kaiga核电站4号机组所生产的电力将供应印度南部的卡纳塔卡邦、泰米尔纳德邦、喀拉拉邦、安德拉邦和普度切里邦等地区。
Kaiga核电4号机组是印度在2010年启动运行的第3座反应堆,另外两座分别为拉贾斯坦邦RAPP项目的5、6号机组。印度现有运行核电装机容量478万千瓦。根据印度核电公司所提供的数据,印度拥有的核电机组数量排名世界第六,位于美国、法国、日本、俄罗斯和韩国之后。
印度将有更多的核电机组临近完工。印度核电公司表示,泰米尔纳德邦古丹库兰核电站的两台100万千瓦轻水堆机组以及位于同一省份的卡尔帕卡姆核电站的50万千瓦原型快中子堆都即将建成。另外,四座自主设计的70万千瓦重水反应堆(两两分别位于古吉拉特邦的卡克卡帕拉核电站和拉贾斯坦邦的拉瓦巴塔核电站)也将于今年年内开工建设。随着这些核电站的建成完工,印度的核能发电能力将在2012年达到728万千瓦,在2017年达到1008万千万。印度核电公司的目标是在2020年之前达到2000万千瓦的核电装机容量,在2032年之前达到6300万千瓦。
杰塔普核电站的建设许可
与此同时,印度环境和森林部已对西海岸马哈拉斯特拉邦的杰塔普核电站(位于孟买以南约250公里)颁发了环境许可证。
杰塔普电站将建设6台法国阿海珐EPR核电机组,每台机组容量将达到165万千瓦。这些核电机组将在接下来的15到17年间成对建设。首台机组预计2018年前开始运行。
在一份声明中,印度核电公司表示:“取得环境许可证这个重要环节后,印度核电公司现在就可以开展反应堆建造的进一步工作了”。
2009年2月,印度核电公司和阿海珐签署了关于合作建造杰塔普核电站的备忘录。在今年12月份法国总统萨科奇访印期间,将签署该电站的建造协议。最终的合同预计于2011上半年签署。
原文:
First criticality for fourth Kaiga unit
29 November 2010
With unit 4 of the Kaiga nuclear power plant in Karnataka state reaching first criticality on 27 November, India now has 20 nuclear power reactors in operation. Environmental approval for the construction of a new six-unit plant in Maharastra state has also been given.
Kaiga 4 is a 220 MWe indigenously-designed pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR), similar to the three units already in operation at the site.
The reactor will be synchronized to the grid after carrying out certain mandatory tests early next month, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd (NPCIL) said. Electricity generated by Kaiga 4 will be supplied to the southern Indian states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Pudducherry.
Kaiga 4 is the third nuclear power reactor to have started operating this year – the others being units 5 and 6 of the Rajasthan Atomic Power Project (RAPP). India now has installed nuclear generating capacity of 4780 MWe and ranks sixth in the world – behind the USA, France, Japan, Russia and South Korea - in terms of the number of reactors in operation, according to NPCIL.
Further reactors are nearing completion in India. Two 1000 MWe light water reactors (LWRs) at Kudankulam in Tamil Nadu, as well as the 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, also in Tamil Nadu, are at advanced stages of completion, NPCIL said. In addition, construction of four indigenously designed 700 MWe PHWRs – two each at Kakrapar in Gujarat and Rawatbhata in Rajasthan – is set to begin during the current year. With the completion of all these plants, India’s nuclear generating capacity will reach 7280 MWe by 21012, and 10,080 MWe by 2017. NPCIL’s goal is to have 20,000 MWe of installed nuclear generating capacity by 2020 and 63,000 MWe of capacity by 2032.
Approval for Jaitapur
Meanwhile, India's Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has granted environmental clearance for the construction of the Jaitapur nuclear power plant in Maharastra state on the country's west coast, about 250 kilometres south of Mumbai.
The Jaitapur plant could host up to six of Areva's EPR nuclear power units, each with a generating capacity of 1650 MWe. The reactors will be built in pairs over a 15-17 year period. The first unit is expected to begin operating by 2018.
In a statement, NPCIL said: "With the environmental clearance, an important milestone for the project implementation, NPCIL can now proceed with the further activities associated with the setting up of these reactors."
A memorandum of understanding to cooperate on the construction of the Jaitapur plant was signed by NPCIL and Areva in February 2009. An agreement to construct the plant could be signed during a visit by French President Nicholas Sarkozy to India in December. The final contracts are expected to be signed in the first half of 2011.
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